Source: Child Sacrifice, row 10

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Textual

Jeremiah 7:31 (also 19:5, 32:35): 'And they go on building the high place of Topheth, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire -- which I did not command, nor did it come into my mind.'

Refutation

This is the correct way to press the Ezekiel crux, and it has a real answer rather than a forced harmonization. Ezekiel and Jeremiah are near-contemporaries addressing the identical cultic phenomenon -- the Topheth/Ben-Hinnom Molech sacrifices (Ezek 20:31 names 'your gifts... your children pass through the fire' explicitly; Jeremiah names the same site, Topheth in the valley of Hinnom, by name in all three of his passages). Read as the judicial-hardening or ironic-attribution text that Block and Greenberg both argue for (see the companion record on Ezekiel 20:25-26), Ezekiel's 'I gave them statutes that were not good' is a searing rhetorical indictment of Israel's own self-chosen idolatry, described from the standpoint of God's judgment handing them over to its consequences -- not a claim of original legislative authorship. Jeremiah's flat, propositional denial answers precisely that question of origination and intent: whatever ironic or judicial sense Ezekiel's rhetoric carries, Jeremiah clarifies in plain prose that this was never God's actual command or intention. Two contemporaneous prophets, using different genres (Ezekiel's searing prophetic irony versus Jeremiah's flat legal-style denial) to make compatible points about the same practice, is not the same thing as a genuine contradiction -- it is closer to one modern speaker saying sarcastically 'some lesson I taught you' about a consequence she never intended, and another stating plainly 'I never taught that,' with no real conflict between them. If anything, Jeremiah functions as the canon's own built-in clarifying gloss on Ezekiel's harder rhetoric, which is exactly what a self-aware, multi-voiced prophetic tradition wrestling honestly with a national trauma (child sacrifice practiced by actual kings, including within a generation or two of both prophets) would be expected to produce.

Positive case

Torah's mandatory firstborn redemption (Exod 13; 34:20), Levitical law's explicit prohibition and capital penalty for Molech worship (Lev 18:21; 20:2-5), Deuteronomic law naming child sacrifice as the paradigm of forbidden Canaanite practice (Deut 12:31; 18:10), the Deuteronomistic History's uniform condemnation of every king who practiced it (2 Kings 16, 17, 21), the Akedah's substitutionary resolution (Gen 22), and Jeremiah's direct first-person denial together form one of the most consistent ethical through-lines in the Hebrew Bible, spanning Torah, legal code, narrative history, and prophecy across many centuries and authors -- exactly the kind of deep coherence a genuinely unified canonical witness produces, even though it was composed by many human hands under divine inspiration over thirteen centuries and several very different literary genres.

Steelmanned objection

If Jeremiah has God flatly deny, in the first person, ever commanding child sacrifice or even conceiving of it, this stands in flat and irreconcilable contradiction with Ezekiel 20:25-26, where God says in the first person that HE gave Israel the 'statutes... in their offering up all their firstborn.' This is not primarily an external moral objection but an internal textual contradiction: two prophetic books, written in the same period, giving opposite first-person answers to the identical question of whether God commanded child sacrifice.

Incoherence of the alternative

A purely naturalistic, redaction-only account of Israelite religion has to explain this coherence as coincidental convergence among many independent, competing scribal hands across six hundred-plus years of composition (Torah through exile) landing, without coordination, on the identical conclusion that child sacrifice was never legitimately God's will. Ockham's razor favors the simpler explanation: a genuinely stable core conviction preserved and clarified, not contradicted, across the canon's harder texts. This also poses a specific problem for frameworks that require treating the Old Testament as either wholly corrupted (a common Islamic apologetic move) or as depicting a different, lesser deity than the New Testament's God (Marcionism): both require ignoring the text's own multi-voiced, self-correcting internal witness in order to extract a flat contradiction that the canon, read as a whole, does not actually contain.

Fallacy tags

none tagged

Sources cited

  • Daniel Block, The Book of Ezekiel, Chapters 1-24 (NICOT) — on reading Ezek 20:25-26 alongside Jeremiah's denial
  • Jack Lundbom, Jeremiah 1-20 (Anchor Bible) — commentary on Jer 7:31 and the Topheth polemic
  • William Holladay, Jeremiah 1 (Hermeneia) — critical commentary on Jeremiah's denial formula
  • Walter Kaiser, Hard Sayings of the Old Testament — on harmonizing prophetic texts on child sacrifice

Scripture referenced

Jer 7:31, Jer 19:5, Jer 32:35, Ezek 20:25-26, Ezek 20:31, Exod 13:13, Exod 34:20, Lev 18:21, Lev 20:2-5, Deut 12:31, Deut 18:10, Gen 22:1-14

Confidence

strong

Review status

no content-completeness issues flagged

Source locator

Child Sacrifice → row 10

Related arguments

6 of 6 in Child Sacrifice